Shloka 40

वानरसेनामिलनम् / The Mustering of the Vanara Hosts

Devanagari script

आप्लवन्तः प्लवन्तश्च गर्जन्तश्च प्लवङ्गमाः।अभ्यवर्तन्त सुग्रीवं सूर्यमभ्रगणा इव।।4.39.40।।

Transliteration

āplavantaḥ plavantaś ca garjantaś ca plavaṅgamāḥ |

abhyavartanta sugrīvaṃ sūryam abhragaṇā iva || 4.39.40 ||

Translation

Прыгая, скача и рыча, плаваṅгамы теснились вокруг Сугривы, словно тучи облаков вокруг солнца.

Word by Word

• आप्लवन्तः: leaping up
• आप्लवन्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-plu (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘leaping’

• प्लवन्तः: jumping
• प्लवन्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: plu (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘jumping’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय

• गर्जन्तः: roaring
• गर्जन्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: garj (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘roaring’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय

• प्लवङ्गमाः: monkeys/vanaras
• प्लवङ्गमाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• अभ्यवर्तन्त: approached
• अभ्यवर्तन्त: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-āvṛt (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन (pl.), परस्मैपद; अभि उपसर्ग; ‘approached/turned towards’

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugrīva
• सुग्रीवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc. 2), एकवचन

• सूर्यम्: the sun
• सूर्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपमान (object of comparison)

• अभ्र-गणाः: masses of clouds
• अभ्र-गणाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: abhra + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘अभ्राणां गणाः’ (masses of clouds)

• इव: like
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, उपमावाचक (comparative particle)

Context

Thereafter the vanaras came close to Sugriva freely and on reaching him stood, offering salutations with folded hands.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva
• Vanaras
• Sun (sūrya)
• Clouds (abhragaṇāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of loyal followership: a righteous leader is supported energetically by his community in a just mission.

What is the narrative situation?

The assembled vanaras approach Sugriva in excitement, forming a protective and celebratory circle around him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Devotion and enthusiasm of the vanaras toward their king and cause.