Shloka 1

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

स तां पुष्करिणीं गत्वा पद्मोत्पलझषाकुलाम्।रामस्सौमित्रि सहितो विललापाकुलेन्द्रियः।।।।

Transliteration

sa tāṁ puṣkariṇīṁ gatvā padmotpala-jhaṣākulām |

rāmaḥ saumitri-sahito vilalāpa ākulendriyaḥ || 4.1.1 ||

Translation

Достигнув того озера, полного лотосов, кувшинок и рыб, Рама — вместе с Саумитри — зарыдал, смятённый в чувствах.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Pronoun, Nominative, Singular

• ताम्: that (lake)
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Pronoun, Accusative, Singular

• पुष्करिणीम्: lake
• पुष्करिणीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्करिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• गत्वा: having gone
• गत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund); having gone/arrived

• पद्मोत्पलझषाकुलाम्: filled with lotuses, lilies, and fish
• पद्मोत्पलझषाकुलाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पद्म + उत्पल + झष + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (पद्म-उत्पल-झषैः आकुला); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; adjective qualifying पुष्करिणीम्; Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सौमित्रिसहितः: accompanied by Saumitri
• सौमित्रिसहितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सौमित्रि + सहित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (सौमित्रिणा सहितः); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; adjective qualifying रामः; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विललाप: lamented
• विललाप: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: लप् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परोक्शभूत/Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; Perfect 3rd person singular

• आकुलेन्द्रियः: with distressed senses
• आकुलेन्द्रियः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आकुल + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (आकुलानि इन्द्रियाणि यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; adjective qualifying रामः; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Context

Arriving with Laksmana at the lake filled with lotuses, lilies and fishes, Rama, his senses oppressed, burst into tears.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana (Saumitri)
• lotuses
• fish

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse frames grief as a human condition even for the righteous; dharma includes enduring suffering without abandoning one’s purpose and responsibilities.

What is the narrative situation?

At the opening of Kishkindha-kanda, Rama and Lakshmana arrive near the lake region and Rama’s sorrow intensifies in separation from Sita.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Emotional honesty and steadfastness: Rama does not deny pain, yet the narrative sets the stage for continued dharmic action despite turmoil.