Shloka 33

Kāṣṭhīla-Upākhyāna: Rākṣasī, Spear-Śakti, and Kāśī as Śakti-kṣetra

Devanagari script

परिवेत्ता च दिधिषूः शन्तनुः स्वःसरित्पत्तिः । दिधिषू तनयः साक्षाद्वसुः स्त्रीवादमृत्युभाक् ॥ ३३ ॥

Transliteration

parivettā ca didhiṣūḥ śantanuḥ svaḥsaritpattiḥ | didhiṣū tanayaḥ sākṣādvasuḥ strīvādamṛtyubhāk || 33 ||

Translation

Упоминаются «париветта» (тот, кто женится прежде старшего брата) и «дидхишу» (муж, желающий вторую жену); а также Шантану, рождённый от небесной реки (Ганги). И сын того дидхишу — воистину Васу, принявший смерть из‑за ссоры, связанной с женщиной.

Word by Word

• परिवेत्ता: the one who marries before (an elder brother)
• परिवेत्ता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिवेत्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक-नाम (agent noun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दिधिषूः: one who desires to marry (a widow/another’s wife)
• दिधिषूः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिधिषु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; इच्छार्थक-नाम (one desiring to marry)

• शन्तनुः: Śantanu
• शन्तनुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शन्तनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम (proper noun)

• स्वःसरित्पत्तिः: husband of the heavenly river (Gaṅgā)
• स्वःसरित्पत्तिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वः + सरित् + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative): स्वःसरितः (स्वर्गनदी/गङ्गा) + पतिः

• दिधिषू: the didhiṣu (desirer to marry)
• दिधिषू: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिधिषु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; (पदपाठे दिधिषूः इति)

• तनयः: son
• तनयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• साक्षात्: directly, manifestly
• साक्षात्: Visheshana (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साक्षात् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• वसुः: a Vasu (divine being)
• वसुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; देववर्ग-नाम (one of the Vasus)

• स्त्रीवादमृत्युभाक्: one who meets death due to talk of women (woman-related speech)
• स्त्रीवादमृत्युभाक्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्त्री + वाद + मृत्यु + भज् (धातु) → भाक् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; 'भाक्' = भज्-धातोः क्विप्-प्रत्ययान्त (one who partakes); समासः: स्त्रीवादस्य मृत्युः (स्त्रीवाद-मृत्यु) तं भजते इति

Speaker

Suta (narrating the Purana to the assembled sages, within the Uttara-Bhaga tirtha discourse)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Shantanu
• Ganga
• Vasus

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It uses Itihasa-linked genealogy (Śantanu–Gaṅgā–Vasu) to underline karmic causality: social transgression and passion-driven conflict (especially around relationships) lead to suffering, while dharma-aligned conduct supports auspicious outcomes.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly, it contrasts worldly entanglement (marital rivalry and disputes) with the puranic ideal: reducing rāga-dveṣa and living by dharma makes the mind fit for steady remembrance of Bhagavān, which is the foundation of Vishnu-bhakti emphasized throughout the Narada Purana.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Nirukta/Vyākaraṇa-style technical labeling is used (e.g., parivettā, didhiṣū) to classify social situations precisely—showing how dharma discourse relies on accurate terminology and definition-based reasoning.