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Shloka 1

Devanagari script

आकर () है एकाधिकांत्रेशततमो<ध्याय: सूर्यका कर्णको समझाते हुए उसे इन्द्रको कुण्डल न देनेका आदेश देना सूर्य उवाच माहितं कर्ण कार्षीस्त्वमात्मन: सुहृदां तथा । पुत्राणामथ भार्याणामथो मातुरथो पितु:,सूर्यने कहा--कर्ण! तुम अपना, अपने सुहृदोंका, पुत्रों और पत्नियोंका तथा माता- पिताका अहित न करो

Transliteration

Sūrya uvāca: mā hi taṁ Karṇa kārṣīs tvam ātmanaḥ suhṛdāṁ tathā | putrāṇām atha bhāryāṇām atho mātur atho pituḥ ||

Translation

Сурья сказал: «Карна, не причиняй вреда — ни себе самому, ни тем, кто желает тебе добра, ни своим сыновьям и жёнам, ни своей матери и отцу».

Word by Word

सूर्यःSun (Surya)

उवाचsaid/spoke

माहितम्honoured, illustrious

कर्णO Karna

कार्षीःdo (you should do) / (with मा) do not do

त्वम्you

आत्मनःof yourself

सुहृदाम्of (your) friends/well-wishers

तथाand also/likewise

पुत्राणाम्of (your) sons

अथand then/also

भार्याणाम्of (your) wives

अथोand also (atho)

मातुःof (your) mother

अथोand also (atho)

पितुःof (your) father

Speaker

सूर्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sūrya

Karṇa

mother

father

sons

wives

well-wishers (suhṛd)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Surya’s core teaching is ethical restraint: Karna should not pursue a course of action that results in harm to himself and to those bound to him by friendship and family. The verse frames dharma as responsibility toward one’s relational obligations, not merely personal valor.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Vana Parva, Surya addresses Karna directly, offering counsel meant to prevent a disastrous decision. The immediate narrative context is Surya’s warning that Karna’s choices will affect not only him but also his close relations—friends, spouse(s), children, and parents.