Shloka 8

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 72 — Bhīmasena’s counsel on conciliation and Duryodhana’s disposition

Devanagari script

यावच्च मार्दवेनैतान्‌ राजन्नुपचरिष्यसि । तावदेते हरिष्यन्ति तव राज्यमरिंदम,अतः शत्रुदमन राजन! जबतक आप इनके साथ नर्मीका बर्ताव करेंगे, तबतक ये आपके राज्यका अपहरण करनेकी ही चेष्टा करेंगे

Transliteration

yāvac ca mārdavenaitān rājann upacariṣyasi | tāvad ete hariṣyanti tava rājyam ariṃdama ||

Translation

Юдхиштхира сказал: «О царь, пока ты обращаешься с ними мягко и терпеливо, они будут и дальше стремиться захватить твоё царство. Потому, о покоритель врагов, правитель должен знать, когда кротость лишь ободряет неправедных и зовёт новые посягательства».

Word by Word

• यावत्: as long as / until
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत्
• Form: correlative adverb (yāvat–tāvat construction)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: conjunction

• मार्दवेन: with gentleness / mildness
• मार्दवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्दव
• Form: neuter, instrumental, singular

• एतान्: these (men)
• एतान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• उपचरिष्यसि: you will treat / you will deal with
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-चर्
• Form: simple future (luṭ), parasmaipada, 2nd person, singular

• तावत्: so long / till then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तावत्
• Form: correlative adverb (yāvat–tāvat construction)

• एते: these (men)
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• हरिष्यन्ति: they will seize / carry off
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ
• Form: simple future (luṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural

• तव: your
• तव: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: genitive, singular

• राज्यम्: kingdom
• राज्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• अरिंदम: O subduer of foes
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अरिंदम
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• King (addressed as rājann)
• Enemies/opponents (implied by ariṃdama and ete)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

In kingship and public duty, gentleness is virtuous only when it restrains harm; if it enables aggressors, it becomes a fault. A ruler must balance compassion with firmness so that adharma is not rewarded.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yudhiṣṭhira warns a king that continued soft treatment of hostile parties will only encourage them to keep attempting to usurp the kingdom, urging a more resolute stance in response to persistent aggression.