Shloka 15

सनत्युजात उवाच क्रोधादयो द्वादश यस्य दोषा- स्तथा नृशांसानि दशत्रि राजन्‌ | धर्मादयो द्वादशैते पितृणां शास्त्रे गुणा ये विदिता द्विजानाम्‌,सनत्सुजातने कहा--राजन्‌! तपस्याके क्रोध आदि बारह दोष हैं तथा तेरह प्रकारके नृशंस मनुष्य होते हैं। मन्वादिशास्त्रोंमें कथित ब्राह्मणोंके धर्म आदि बारह गुण प्रसिद्ध हैं

sanatsujāta uvāca |

krodhādayo dvādaśa yasya doṣās tathā nṛśaṃsāni daśa trī rājan |

dharmādayo dvādaśaite pitṝṇāṃ śāstre guṇā ye viditā dvijānām ||

Санатсуджата сказал: «О царь, у аскезы есть двенадцать пороков, начиная с гнева; и среди людей существует тринадцать видов жестокости (nṛśaṃsatā). В авторитетных наставлениях предков двенадцать добродетелей, начиная с дхармы, хорошо известны среди “дваждырождённых”. Зная это, следует отвергнуть пороки и взращивать добродетели».

सनत्सुजातःSanatsujata
सनत्सुजातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्सुजात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
क्रोधादयःanger and the rest
क्रोधादयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोधादि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
दोषाःfaults, vices
दोषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand also; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
नृशांसानिcruelties; acts of cruelty
नृशांसानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृशांस
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दशten
दश:
TypeAdjective
Rootदश
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
त्रिthree
त्रि:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धर्मादयःdharma and the rest
धर्मादयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मादि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पितृणाम्of the fathers/ancestors
पितृणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
शास्त्रेin the treatise/scripture
शास्त्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
गुणाःqualities, virtues
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwhich
ये:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विदिताःknown, recognized
विदिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविदित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्विजानाम्of the twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
R
Rājan (the King—Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee in context)
D
Dvija (twice-born)
P
Pitṛs (ancestors/forefathers)

Educational Q&A

Sanatsujāta contrasts two moral lists: vices (doṣas) beginning with anger and virtues (guṇas) beginning with dharma, urging the listener—especially a ruler—to reject cruelty and cultivate the śāstrically approved virtues known among the initiated.

In the Udyoga Parva’s Sanatsujāta-upākhyāna, the sage instructs the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) on ethical discipline and right conduct, framing the coming political crisis through inner reform: mastering anger and cruelty and adhering to dharma-based virtues.