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Shloka 13

उद्योगपर्व — विदुरनीतिः (Adhyāya 37): आयुःक्षयहेतवः, नीतिसूत्राणि, बलभेदाः, पाण्डव-विग्रहदोषदर्शनम्

भृत्यैर्वाणिज्यचारं च पुत्र: सेवेत च द्विजान्‌ । अन्तःपुरकी रक्षाका कार्य पिताको सौंप दे

bhṛtyair vāṇijya-cāraṁ ca putraḥ seveta ca dvijān | antaḥpura-kī rakṣakā kāryaṁ pitāko sauṁpa de, rasōī-ghara-kā prabandha mātāke hāthameṁ de de, gāvoṁkī sevāmeṁ apne samān vyaktiko niyukta kare aura kṛṣikā kārya svayam hī kare | isī prakāra sevakoṁ-dvārā vāṇijya-vyāpāra kare aura putroṁ-ke dvārā brāhmaṇoṁ-kī sevā kare ||

Видура советует дисциплинированно разделить домашние и хозяйственные обязанности: охрану внутренних покоев поручить отцу, управление кухней — матери, уход за коровами доверить способному человеку, равному по положению, а земледелие — самому держать под надзором. Торговлю вести через надёжных слуг, а сыновей направлять к служению брахманам. Нравственный смысл — упорядоченное управление домом: верное распределение поручений, охрана ресурсов, почитание старших и поддержание дхармы через заботу о учёных брахманах.

भृत्यैःby servants
भृत्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वाणिज्यचारम्the conduct of trade/commerce
वाणिज्यचारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाणिज्यचार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुत्रःthe son
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सेवेतshould serve
सेवेत:
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्विजान्Brahmins (twice-born)
द्विजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
S
servants (bhṛtya)
S
sons (putra)
B
Brahmins / twice-born (dvija)
I
inner palace/inner household (antaḥpura)
C
cows (go)
K
kitchen (implied by Hindi gloss: rasoi-ghara)
F
father (pitā)
M
mother (mātā)

Educational Q&A

Run the household according to dharma through proper delegation: elders handle sensitive internal responsibilities, competent persons manage livestock, one personally supervises essential production like agriculture, commerce is handled via trusted servants, and sons are guided to serve and support Brahmins—thus sustaining social and moral order.

In Vidura’s counsel (Vidura-nīti) within the Udyoga Parva, he lays out practical norms for managing a household and its economy, emphasizing security, orderly administration, and the religious-social duty of honoring and serving Brahmins through one’s family.