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Shloka 20

Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum

Udyoga-parva 35

उत्तमानेव सेवेत प्राप्तकाले तु मध्यमान्‌ । अधर्मांस्तु न सेवेत य इच्छेद्‌ भूतिमात्मन:,जो अपनी एऐश्वर्यवृद्धि चाहता है, वह उत्तम पुरुषोंकी ही सेवा करे, समय आ पड़नेपर मध्यम पुरुषोंकी भी सेवा कर ले, परंतु अधम पुरुषोंकी सेवा कदापि न करे

uttamān eva seveta prāptakāle tu madhyamān | adharmāṁs tu na seveta ya icched bhūtim ātmanaḥ ||

Кто желает возрастания собственного благополучия, пусть служит лишь лучшим из людей; а когда обстоятельства потребуют, может служить и людям среднего достоинства. Но никогда не следует служить неправедным: такая связь подрывает истинное благо и нравственное достоинство.

uttamānthe best (persons)
uttamān:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootuttama
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
evaonly/indeed
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
sevetshould serve
sevet:
TypeVerb
Rootsev (सेव्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
prāptakāleat the time when it has come/arrived (when occasion arises)
prāptakāle:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootprāpta-kāla
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
tubut/and
tu:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu
madhyamānthe middling (persons)
madhyamān:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootmadhyama
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
adharmānthe unrighteous (persons)
adharmān:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootadharma
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
tubut
tu:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
sevetshould serve
sevet:
TypeVerb
Rootsev (सेव्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
yaḥwho (he who)
yaḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
icchetshould desire
icchet:
TypeVerb
Rootiṣ (इष्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
bhūtimprosperity/advancement
bhūtim:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootbhūti
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ātmanaḥof oneself
ātmanaḥ:
TypeNoun
Rootātman
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṃsa)

Educational Q&A

Choose association and service wisely: align with the excellent, accept the middling only when necessary, and never serve the unrighteous—because prosperity and true welfare depend on dharmic company.

Haṃsa delivers a didactic maxim within Udyoga Parva’s counsel-oriented setting, emphasizing prudent social alignment as a means to safeguard both ethical integrity and worldly flourishing.