Shloka 58
Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 34 — Vidura’s Counsel on Deliberation, Speech-Discipline, and Dharmic Kingship
Devanagari script
न सा सभा यत्र न सन्ति वृद्धा नते वृद्धा ये न वदन्ति धर्मम् नासौ धर्मों यत्र न सत्यमस्ति न तत् सत्यं यच्छलेना भ्युपेतम्
Translation
Не та собрание, где нет старейшин; и не старейшины те, кто не говорит о дхарме. Нет дхармы там, где нет истины; и не истина то, что утверждено обманом.
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
साthat
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सभाassembly
सभा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसभा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
सन्तिare
सन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
वृद्धाःelders
वृद्धाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वृद्धाःelders
वृद्धाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
वदन्तिspeak
वदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
असौthat (yonder)
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/अदस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःdharma
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्तिis
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्which/that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
छलेनby deceit
छलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootछल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्युपेतम्accepted/undertaken
अभ्युपेतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-उप-इ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes