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Shloka 109

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

न संरम्भेणारभते त्रिवर्ग- माकारित: शंसति तत्त्वमेव । न मित्रार्थे रोचयते विवादं नापूजित: कुप्यति चाप्यमूढ:,जो क्रोध या उतावलीके साथ धर्म, अर्थ तथा कामका आरम्भ नहीं करता, पूछनेपर यथार्थ बात ही बतलाता है, मित्रके लिये झगड़ा नहीं पसंद करता, आदर न पानेपर क्ुद्ध नहीं होता, विवेक नहीं खो बैठता, दूसरोंके दोष नहीं देखता, सबपर दया करता है, असमर्थ होते हुए किसीकी जमानत नहीं देता, बढ़कर नहीं बोलता तथा विवादको सह लेता है, ऐसा मनुष्य सब जगह प्रशंसा पाता है

na saṃrambheṇārabhate trivargam ākāritaḥ śaṃsati tattvam eva | na mitrārthe rocayate vivādaṃ nāpūjitaḥ kupyati cāpy amūḍhaḥ ||

Видура называет признак поистине мудрого и стойкого: он не берётся за три цели жизни — дхарму, артху и каму — по гневной поспешности; будучи спрошен, говорит лишь истину; не любит ссоры даже ради друга; и, не будучи почтён, не гневается, оставаясь ясным умом и не впадая в смятение. Такое самообуздание и правдивость представлены как нравственная основа поведения среди напряжений «Удьога-парвы».

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संरम्भेणby rashness/impetuosity
संरम्भेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसंरम्भ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आरभतेundertakes/begins
आरभते:
TypeVerb
Root√रभ् (आ-√रभ्)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
त्रिवर्गम्the three aims (dharma-artha-kāma)
त्रिवर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिवर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आकारितःwhen asked/inquired
आकारितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-√कृ (आकारित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
शंसतिstates/tells
शंसति:
TypeVerb
Root√शंस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्त्वम्the truth/reality
तत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मित्रार्थेfor a friend's sake
मित्रार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्रार्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रोचयतेlikes/approves
रोचयते:
TypeVerb
Root√रुच् (causative √रुच् → रोचयति/ते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
विवादम्quarrel/dispute
विवादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविवाद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपूजितःwhen not honored/when disrespected
अपूजितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-पूजित (√पूज् + क्त, with privative a-)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
कुप्यतिgets angry
कुप्यति:
TypeVerb
Root√कुप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अमूढःnot deluded/clear-minded
अमूढः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-मूढ (√मुह् + क्त, with privative a-)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

A wise person is recognized by restraint and integrity: they do not act from rash impulse, speak truth when asked, avoid needless dispute even for allies, and remain unangered by lack of honor—showing steady discernment (amūḍhatā).

In Udyoga Parva, as conflict looms, Vidura offers ethical counsel (nīti) describing the qualities of a commendable person. The verse functions as guidance for conduct and speech amid political tension and provocation.