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Shloka 23

Treasury Security, Protection of Informants, and the Kalakavṛkṣīya Exemplum (Śānti Parva 83)

मुनिर्वाच ज्ञात्वा पापानपापांश्व भृत्यतस्ते भयानि च । भक्‍त्या वृत्ति समाख्यातुं भवतो$न्तिकमागमम्‌

munir uvāca jñātvā pāpān apāpāṁś ca bhṛtyatas te bhayāni ca | bhaktyā vṛttiṁ samākhyātuṁ bhavato 'ntikam āgamam ||

Мудрец сказал: «О великий царь! Разобравшись среди твоих слуг, кто виновен, а кто невинен, и увидев, что многие опасности могут прийти к тебе от твоих же приближённых, я явился к тебе из преданности, чтобы полностью донести о положении дел и о нравах в царстве.»

मुनिःthe sage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Active
पापान्sinful (ones)
पापान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपापान्non-sinful/innocent (ones)
अपापान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपाप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भृत्यतःfrom the servant(s)
भृत्यतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form2nd, Genitive, Singular
भयानिfears/dangers
भयानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भक्त्याwith devotion
भक्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभक्ति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
वृत्तिम्conduct/state of affairs
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समाख्यातुम्to relate/tell fully
समाख्यातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ख्या
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्)
भवतःof you (sir)
भवतः:
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
Form2nd (honorific), Genitive, Singular
अन्तिकम्near presence/proximity
अन्तिकम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तिक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आगमम्having come/approached
आगमम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम्
FormAbsolutive (am-pratyaya; Vedic/epic usage), Active

भीष्म उवाच

M
muni (sage)
B
bhṛtya (servants/attendants)
B
bhavān (the king addressed, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in context)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must discern guilt and innocence among officials and attendants, because internal agents can become sources of danger; loyal advisers should report the true state of affairs so governance aligns with dharma and justice.

A sage approaches the king and explains his purpose: after investigating which servants are culpable or blameless and foreseeing threats arising from within the king’s own staff, he has come, out of devotion and concern, to give a full report on the situation.