Shloka 14

आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः

Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच दानेन तपसा यज्ञैरद्रोहेण दमेन च । ब्राह्मणप्रमुखा वर्णा: क्षेममिच्छेयुरात्मन:

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca dānena tapasā yajñair adroheṇa damena ca | brāhmaṇa-pramukhā varṇāḥ kṣemam iccheyur ātmanaḥ ||

Translation

Бхишма сказал: «Щедростью, подвижничеством, жертвоприношениями, отсутствием злобы и самообузданием — так должны сословия, во главе с брахманами, искать собственного блага и безопасности.»

Word by Word

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• दानेन: by giving/charity
• दानेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• यज्ञैः: by sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अद्रोहेण: by non-malice/non-hostility
• अद्रोहेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्रोह
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• दमेन: by self-control
• दमेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ब्राह्मणप्रमुखाः: having Brahmins as foremost
• ब्राह्मणप्रमुखाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्राह्मण-प्रमुख
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वर्णाः: the social classes (varnas)
• वर्णाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• क्षेमम्: welfare/security
• क्षेमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षेम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इच्छेयुः: should desire/would wish
• इच्छेयुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• आत्मनः: of themselves/for themselves
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Brāhmaṇa
• Varṇāḥ (the social orders)