Shloka 5

Devanagari script

वर्णानां परिचर्यार्थ त्रयाणां भरतर्षभ | वर्णश्तुर्थ: पश्चात्‌ तु पद्धयां शूद्रो विनिर्मित:,भरतश्रेष्ठ इसके बाद इन तीनों वर्णोकी सेवाके लिये ब्रह्माजीके दोनों पैरोंसे चौथे वर्ण शूद्रकी रचना हुई

Transliteration

varṇānāṃ paricaryārthaṃ trayāṇāṃ bharatarṣabha | varṇaś caturthaḥ paścāt tu pādābhyāṃ śūdro vinirmitaḥ ||

Translation

Пуруравас сказал: «О бык среди Бхаратов! Ради служения трём варнам позднее была создана четвёртая варна — шудра, из двух стоп (Брахмы) сотворённый». Это высказывание задаёт социальный долг как функцию: служение и поддержание прочих сословий, представленные как часть установленного нравственного устройства.

Word by Word

वर्णानाम्of the varnas (classes)

परिचर्यार्थम्for the purpose of service

त्रयाणाम्of the three

भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas

वर्णःthe class (varna)

तुbut/indeed

चतुर्थःthe fourth

पश्चात्afterwards

तुindeed

पादाभ्याम्by (his) two feet

शूद्रःthe Shudra

विनिर्मितःwas created/formed

भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas

Speaker

पुरूरवा उवाच

Characters & Entities

Purūravas

Bharata (lineage addressed as Bharatarṣabha)

Brahmā

Śūdra

Varṇas (three and the fourth)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse presents a normative model of social duty: the fourth varṇa (Śūdra) is described as created for the service (paricaryā) of the other three, grounding social roles in a cosmogonic account and linking ethics to prescribed function and support.

What is happening in the narrative?

Purūravas is speaking to a Bharata interlocutor, explaining an origin account of the varṇas: after the three varṇas, the Śūdra is said to have been created later from Brahmā’s feet, specifically to serve the others.