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Shloka 19

दानपात्रापात्र-निर्णयः / Determining Worthy Gifts, Recipients, and Permissible Food

घातयित्वा तमेवाजी छलेनाजिद्दायोधिनम्‌ | उपसम्प्रष्टमहामि तमहं केन हेतुना

ghātayitvā tam evājau chalena ajiddāyodhinam | upasaṁpraṣṭum icchāmi tam ahaṁ kena hetunā |

Юдхиштхира сказал: «Я добился, чтобы его убили в битве обманом — Бхишму, непобедимого в бою. На каком основании мне теперь подойти к нему и вопрошать? После столь великого и леденящего душу разорения среди собственных родичей я чувствую себя виновным перед всеми мирами; я опустошил всю землю. Как мне вообще показаться ему на глаза?»

घातयित्वाhaving caused to be slain
घातयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootघातय् (√हन् caus.)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भाव
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अजिin battle
अजि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअजि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
छलेनby deceit/stratagem
छलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootछल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अजित्unconquered
अजित्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअजित्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दायोधिनम्the warrior (Dāyodhin/valiant fighter)
दायोधिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदायोधिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपसम्प्रष्टुम्to ask (respectfully/closely)
उपसम्प्रष्टुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-सम्-√प्रच्छ्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive), परस्मैपद-भाव
अर्हामिI am fit/I deserve
अर्हामि:
TypeVerb
Root√अर्ह्
FormPresent, 1st, Singular, परस्मैपद
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
केनby what/for what
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हेतुनाreason/cause
हेतुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहेतु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds moral accountability after violence: even a ‘just’ victory can be ethically stained when achieved through deceit, and genuine dharma requires humility, remorse, and seeking instruction from the wise—yet without self-excusing one’s wrongdoing.

After the Kurukṣetra war, Yudhiṣṭhira is overwhelmed by grief and guilt. Remembering that Bhīṣma—an undefeated warrior—was brought down through a stratagem, he doubts his own worthiness to approach Bhīṣma and ask him questions on dharma and governance.