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Shloka 113

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

ये जो बीस और सात गुण बताये गये हैं, इनके सिवा तीन गुण और हैं--विधिः, शुक्र और बल+ || विंशतिर्दश चैवं हि गुणा: संख्यानत: स्मृता: । समग्रा यत्र वर्तते तच्छरीरमिति स्मृतम्‌,इस प्रकार गणना करनेसे बीस और दस तीस गुण होते हैं। ये सारे-के-सारे गुण जहाँ विद्यमान हैं, उसको शरीर कहा गया है

viṁśatir daśa caiva hi guṇāḥ saṅkhyānataḥ smṛtāḥ | samagrā yatra vartate taccharīram iti smṛtam ||

Бхишма сказал: «Так, по счёту, их помнят как двадцать и десять — всего тридцать качеств. То, в чём все они присутствуют вместе, по преданию называется “телом”.»

विंशतिःtwenty
विंशतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविंशति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दशten
दश:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदश
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
गुणाःqualities, attributes
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संख्यानतःby counting, numerically
संख्यानतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसंख्या
स्मृताःare remembered/are said
स्मृताः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive (participial)
समग्राःcomplete, entire (all together)
समग्राः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमग्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
वर्ततेexists, is present, occurs
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शरीरम्body
शरीरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus, as (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
स्मृतम्is remembered/said
स्मृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (participial)

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma defines the ‘body’ as an aggregate characterized by a complete set of enumerated qualities (guṇas). The emphasis is classificatory: what counts as ‘śarīra’ is that locus where the full set of these constituents is present together.

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Bhīṣma continues a philosophical exposition using numerical enumeration. He concludes a list by stating that, taken together, they total thirty qualities, and he identifies their complete presence as the criterion for calling something a ‘body’.