Shloka 10

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

Devanagari script

मोक्षकामा वयं चापि काड्क्षामो यदनामयम्‌ । अदेहमजर नित्यमतीन्द्रियमनी श्वरम्‌

Transliteration

janaka uvāca | mokṣakāmā vayaṁ cāpi kāṅkṣāmo yad anāmayam | adeham ajaraṁ nityam atīndriyam anīśvaram ||

Translation

Джанака сказал: «И я также жажду освобождения и ищу то состояние, свободное от всякого страдания, — без тела, неувядающее, бессмертное, вечное, недосягаемое для чувств; и достигший его уже не подвластен никакому внешнему владыке или правителю».

Word by Word

• मोक्षकामाः: desirous of liberation
• मोक्षकामाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मोक्षकाम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• काङ्क्षामः: we desire / we long for
• Type: Verb
• Root: काङ्क्ष्
• Form: Present, First, Plural, Parasmaipada

• यत्: which (that)
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनामयम्: free from disease/affliction; faultless
• अनामयम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनामय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अदेहम्: bodiless
• अदेहम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अदेह
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अजरम्: ageless
• अजरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अजर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• नित्यम्: eternal
• नित्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नित्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अतीन्द्रियम्: beyond the senses
• अतीन्द्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतीन्द्रिय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनीश्वरम्: having no lord/master over it; unruled
• अनीश्वरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनीश्वर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

जनक उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Janaka

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Liberation is portrayed as an unconditioned state: free from suffering, not dependent on the body, untouched by decay, eternal, and beyond sensory experience. Attaining it implies inner sovereignty—no longer being ruled by external powers, conditions, or compulsions.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s philosophical discourse, King Janaka speaks as a seeker. Despite being a ruler, he declares his aspiration for moksha and describes the nature of the highest state he seeks—thereby aligning royal life with the pursuit of ultimate freedom.