Shloka 423

अव्यक्त-गुण-पुरुषविवेकः | Avyakta, Guṇas, and Discrimination of Puruṣa

Devanagari script

तेन देवमनुष्येषु निरये चोपपद्यते । इसी तरह बारी-बारीसे वह जीव मानव-योनिसे नरकमें (और नरकसे मानवयोनिमें) आता-जाता रहता है। आत्मासे भिन्न तथा आत्माके गुण चैतन्य आदिसे युक्त जो इन्द्रियोंका समुदाय शरीरमें ऐसी भावना रखता है कि “यह मैं हूँ” वही देवलोक

Transliteration

tena deva-manuṣyeṣu niraye copapadyate |

Translation

Васиштха сказал: Из‑за этого (ложного отождествления) воплощённое существо рождается среди богов и людей и также падает в ад. Так оно снова и снова странствует — переходя от человеческого рождения к аду и обратно, — ибо принимает за «я» совокупность чувств, пребывающую в теле и отличную от Атмана, истинного Я.

Word by Word

• तेन: by that; thereby
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• देवमनुष्येषु: among gods and humans
• देवमनुष्येषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + मनुष्य
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• निरये: in hell
• निरये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निरय
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उपपद्यते: is born/comes to be; attains (a state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप√पद्
• Form: Present, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

Speaker

वसिष्ठ उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)
• देवलोक (realm of the gods)
• मनुष्यलोक (human realm)
• नरक/निरय (hell)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Misidentifying the Self with the body and senses (the ‘I am this’ notion) becomes the cause of repeated transmigration, leading to births in higher and lower realms—including heaven, human life, and hell.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vasiṣṭha is explaining the mechanism of saṃsāra: due to egoic identification with the sensory aggregate in the body, the jīva repeatedly attains different states of existence, cycling through various realms.