Shloka 20

तृष्णाक्षय-उपदेशः

Instruction on the Cessation of Craving

Devanagari script

कपिल उवाच दर्श च पौर्णमासं च अग्निहोत्रं च धीमत: । चातुर्मास्यानि चैवासंस्तेषु धर्म: सनातन:

Transliteration

kapila uvāca: darśaṁ ca paurṇamāsaṁ ca agnihotraṁ ca dhīmataḥ | cāturmāsyāni caivāsaṁs teṣu dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ||

Translation

Капила сказал: Для мудрого предписаны соблюдения обрядов новолуния и полнолуния, ежедневное Агнихотра и сезонные жертвоприношения Чатурмасьи; ибо в этих обрядах поддерживается и явственно проявляется вечный порядок дхармы.

Word by Word

• कपिलः: Kapila
• कपिलः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपिल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• दर्शम्: new-moon rite (Darśa sacrifice)
• दर्शम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्श
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पौर्णमासम्: full-moon rite (Paurṇamāsa sacrifice)
• पौर्णमासम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौर्णमास
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अग्निहोत्रम्: Agnihotra (fire-offering ritual)
• अग्निहोत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्निहोत्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• धीमतः: of/for the wise (person)
• धीमतः: Sampradana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीमत्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• चातुर्मास्यानि: Cāturmāsya rites (seasonal sacrifices)
• चातुर्मास्यानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चातुर्मास्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• आसन्: were / exist
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Imperfect, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada

• तेषु: in them
• तेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural

• धर्मः: dharma / religious duty
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सनातनः: eternal
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सनातन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

कपिल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kapila
• Darśa rite
• Paurṇamāsa rite
• Agnihotra
• Cāturmāsya rites
• Dharma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Kapila emphasizes that certain Vedic rites—new-moon and full-moon sacrifices, the daily Agnihotra, and the seasonal Cāturmāsya—are not mere formalities but supports of sanātana-dharma, sustaining an enduring moral and cosmic order through disciplined, prescribed action.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional discourse, Kapila is explaining to his listener(s) the place of orthodox ritual duties within dharma, listing key sacrifices and stating that the eternal dharma is established in them.