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Shloka 32

मोक्षोपाय-निर्णयः

Determination of the Means to Liberation

आश्वासयद्धि: सुभृशमनुक्रोशात्‌ तथैव च । एतत्‌ प्रथमकल्पेन राजा कृतयुगे जयेत्‌,पिताजी! एक दयालु एवं विद्वान्‌ ब्राह्मणने मुझे यह सब उपदेश दिया था। उस समय उसने कहा था कि “तात सत्यवान! मेरे पूर्वज पितामहोंने मुझे आश्वासन देते हुए अत्यन्त कृपापूर्वक ऐसी शिक्षा दी थी। इसलिये राजाको सत्ययुगमें जब कि धर्म अपने चारों चरणोंसे मौजूद रहता है, पूर्वोक्त प्रथम श्रेणीके (अहिंसामय) दण्डद्वारा ही प्रजाको वशमें करना चाहिये

āśvāsayad dhiḥ subhṛśam anukrośāt tathaiva ca | etat prathamakalpena rājā kṛtayuge jayet, pitāji |

Хуматсена сказал: «Воистину, из глубокой сострадательности они много утешали и наставляли меня. Потому, дитя моё, в Крита (Сатья) югу — когда дхарма стоит твёрдо на всех четырёх опорах, — царь должен приводить подданных к порядку лишь первым и высшим видом наказания: мягким, ненасильственным, основанным на самообуздании и нравственном убеждении».

आश्वासयत्he reassured/comforted
आश्वासयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआश्वासय् (आ-√श्वस् caus.)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सुभृशम्exceedingly/very much
सुभृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसुभृशम्
अनुक्रोशात्from compassion/out of pity
अनुक्रोशात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुक्रोश
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवjust/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रथमकल्पेनby the first/primary method
प्रथमकल्पेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रथमकल्प
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतयुगेin the Kṛta-yuga (Satya-yuga)
कृतयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जयेत्should conquer/should win (bring under control)
जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√जि
FormOptative (Liṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

हुमत्सेन उवाच

H
Humatsena
K
king (rājā)
K
Kṛta Yuga (Satya Yuga)
F
forefathers/ancestors (implied by context of elders instructing)

Educational Q&A

In an ideal age where dharma is fully established (Kṛta/Satya Yuga), a ruler should govern primarily through the mildest, ethically superior form of daṇḍa—restraint, persuasion, and compassionate correction—rather than harsh coercion.

Humatsena recalls how elders/forebears compassionately reassured and instructed him, and he transmits that traditional counsel: the king’s control over subjects should match the moral condition of the age, with the Kṛta Yuga calling for the gentlest mode of governance.