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Shloka 27

कपिल–स्यूमरश्मि संवादः

Kapila and Syūmaraśmi on Renunciation, Householder Support, and Epistemic Authority

ततस्तानेव कवय: शास्त्रेषु प्रवदन्त्युत । कीर्त्यर्थमल्पहल्लेखा: पटव: कृत्स्ननिर्णया:,अत: जो अभयदान देनेमें समर्थ होते हैं, उन्हींको विद्वान्‌ पुरुष शास्त्रोंमें श्रेष्ठ बताते हैं। उनमेंसे जो बहिर्मुख होकर अपने हृदयमें क्षणभंगुर विषय-सुखोंकी इच्छा रखते हैं, वे तो कीर्ति और मान-बड़ाईके लिये ही अभयदानरूप व्रतका पालन करते हैं; परंतु जो पटु या प्रवीण पुरुष हैं, वे पूर्णस्वरूप परब्रह्मकी प्राप्तिके लिये ही इस व्रतका आश्रय लेते हैं

tatas tān eva kavayaḥ śāstreṣu pravadanty uta | kīrty-artham alpa-hal-lekhāḥ paṭavaḥ kṛtsna-nirṇayāḥ ||

Потому мудрые поэты и риши возвещают в шастрах: именно те — кто поистине способен даровать дар бесстрашия (абхая-дана) — суть лучшие. Но среди них есть и такие, чьи умы обращены вовне и кто тайно лелеет в сердце желание мимолётных наслаждений: они соблюдают обет дарования бесстрашия главным образом ради славы и почестей. А те, кто действительно искусен и прозорлив, принимают этот обет ради достижения Высшего Брахмана во всей полноте.

ततःthereupon/then
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
तान्those (persons)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine accusative plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formindeclinable
कवयःthe sages/learned poets
कवयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकवि
Formmasculine nominative plural
शास्त्रेषुin the treatises/scriptures
शास्त्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
Formneuter locative plural
प्रवदन्तिdeclare/say
प्रवदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+वद्
Formpresent tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural
उतalso/and
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
Formindeclinable
कीर्त्यर्थम्for the sake of fame
कीर्त्यर्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकीर्ति-अर्थ
Formmasculine accusative singular (as adverbial purpose)
अल्पहल्लेखाःhaving scant/brief exertion (lit. small ploughing/scratching)
अल्पहल्लेखाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प-हल्-लेख
Formmasculine nominative plural
पटवःskilled/clever
पटवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपटु
Formmasculine nominative plural
कृत्स्ननिर्णयाःhaving complete ascertainment/decision
कृत्स्ननिर्णयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न-निर्णय
Formmasculine nominative plural

तुलाधार उवाच

T
Tulādhāra
K
kavayaḥ (sages/learned men)
Ś
śāstra (scriptural tradition)
A
abhaya-dāna (gift of fearlessness)
B
Brahman (Supreme Reality)

Educational Q&A

The verse distinguishes outer religious observance from inner intention: the same vow (granting fearlessness/non-harming) can be pursued either for social fame and honor or as a disciplined means toward realizing the Supreme Brahman. True excellence lies in capability joined with pure motive and complete discernment.

Tulādhāra is instructing his listener on ethical and spiritual standards, explaining how scripture praises those who can truly protect and reassure others, while warning that some adopt such practices merely for reputation, whereas the truly wise adopt them for ultimate spiritual realization.