Shloka 4
Adhyātma-krama: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman Hierarchy and Citta-Prasāda (आध्यात्मक्रमः)
पौरुषं कारणं केचिदाहु: कर्मसु मानवा: । दैवमेके प्रशंसन्ति स्वभावमपरे जना:
pauruṣaṃ kāraṇaṃ kecid āhuḥ karmasu mānavāḥ | daivam eke praśaṃsanti svabhāvam apare janāḥ ||
Вьяса сказал: Одни утверждают, что решающей причиной поступков является человеческое усилие. Другие восхваляют судьбу (то, что уделено жребием), а третьи превозносят собственную природу как властвующий фактор.
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse presents three commonly asserted causes of action—personal effort (pauruṣa), destiny (daiva), and innate nature (svabhāva)—inviting reflection on how moral responsibility and ethical judgment should be understood when multiple causal explanations compete.
In the Śānti Parva’s reflective discourse, Vyāsa introduces a philosophical debate about what drives human action. This line sets up a broader inquiry into agency, causality, and dharma—how one should act and be held accountable amid claims of fate or inborn disposition.