Shloka 107

Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)

Devanagari script

यस्तु रञ्जयते राजा पौरजानपदान्‌ गुणौ: । न तस्य भ्रमते राज्यं स्वयं धर्मानुपालनात्‌

Transliteration

yastu rañjayate rājā paurajānāpadān guṇaiḥ | na tasya bhramate rājyaṃ svayaṃ dharmānupālanāt ||

Translation

Брахмадатта сказал: Царь, который собственными добродетелями удерживает в довольстве горожан и людей сельских мест,—его власть не колеблется. Ибо он сам непрестанно хранит дхарму; из этой твёрдой самодисциплины рождается устойчивость царства.

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• रञ्जयते: pleases/delights
• Type: Verb
• Root: रञ्ज्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पौर: townsmen/citizens
• पौर: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• जानपदान्: country-people/provincials
• जानपदान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जानपद
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• गुणैः: by (his) virtues/qualities
• गुणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• तस्य: of him/of that (king)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• भ्रमते: wavers/goes astray/is unsteady
• Type: Verb
• Root: भ्रम्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

• राज्यम्: kingdom/rule
• राज्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्वयम्: himself
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम्

• धर्म: dharma/righteousness
• धर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अनुपालनात्: from/owing to (his) observance (of dharma)
• अनुपालनात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुपालन
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

Speaker

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ब्रह्मदत्त (Brahmadatta)
• राजा (the king)
• पौर (townspeople/citizens)
• जानपद (people of the provinces/countryside)
• राज्य (kingdom/sovereignty)
• धर्म (dharma)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler’s political stability depends on ethical self-governance: when a king consistently practices dharma and wins the goodwill of both urban citizens (paura) and provincial people (jānapada) through genuine virtues, his rule does not become unstable.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Brahmadatta states a principle of governance: a king who keeps his subjects satisfied through good qualities and personally maintains dharma ensures that his kingdom remains steady and does not fall into turmoil.