Shloka 3

Devanagari script

अन्तर्गिरिं च कौन्तेयस्तथैव च बहिर्गिरिम्‌ तथैवोपगिरिं चैव विजिग्ये पुरुषर्षभ:,कुरुश्रेष्ठ धनंजयने क्रमश: अन्तर्गिरि, बहिर्गिरि और उपगिरि नामक प्रदेशोंपर विजय प्राप्त की

Transliteration

Antargiriṁ ca kaunteyas tathaiva ca bahirgirim | tathaivopagiriṁ caiva vijigye puruṣarṣabhaḥ ||

Translation

Арджуна, сын Кунти, бык среди людей, по порядку покорил области, именуемые Антаргири, Бахиргири и Упагири.

Word by Word

अन्तर्गिरिम्the region called Antargiri (inner-mountain)

चand

कौन्तेयःKunteya (son of Kunti), Arjuna

तथाlikewise

एवindeed/just

चand

बहिर्गिरिम्the region called Bahirgiri (outer-mountain)

तथाlikewise

एवindeed/just

उपगिरिम्the region called Upagiri (near-mountain)

चand

एवindeed/also

विजिग्येconquered

पुरुषर्षभःbull among men, best of men

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Arjuna (Kaunteya, Dhanañjaya, Kuruśreṣṭha, Puruṣarṣabha)

Antargiri

Bahirgiri

Upagiri

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights ordered, disciplined action in the exercise of royal duty (rājadharma): conquest is portrayed as a structured responsibility carried out step-by-step to establish political stability and support larger state aims.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana reports that Arjuna, acting as the Pāṇḍavas’ champion, sequentially subdues three named regions—Antargiri, Bahirgiri, and Upagiri—during the wider campaign of bringing surrounding territories under their authority.