Shloka 16
Devanagari script
ततः प्रादीर्यत चमूर्थनंजयशराहता
Transliteration
tataḥ prādīryata camūr dhananjaya-śarāhatā
Translation
Санджая сказал: Тогда войско, поражённое стрелами Дхананджаи (Арджуны), рассыпалось и пришло в смятение.
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
Formअव्ययम्
प्रादीर्यतburst forth / was rent / broke out
प्रादीर्यत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + दृ (धातु)
Formलुङ् (अorist), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्, आत्मनेपदम्
चमूःthe army
चमूः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचमू (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
अर्जुनof Arjuna
अर्जुन:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, षष्ठी, एकवचनम् (समासपूर्वपदत्वे)
शरby arrows
शर:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, तृतीया, बहुवचनम् (समासपूर्वपदत्वे)
आहताstruck, smitten
आहता:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआ + हन् (धातु) → आहत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (चमूः इति विशेष्येण सह)
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)C
camū (army)Ś
śara (arrows)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
In war, collective strength depends on cohesion and morale; when leadership and formation are effectively struck, even a large host can collapse. The verse also reflects the kṣatriya ideal of decisive, disciplined action in battle.
Sañjaya reports that Arjuna’s arrows hit the opposing forces so powerfully that the army’s formation broke apart, indicating panic and disarray on the battlefield.