Shloka 42

थनुश्विच्छेद भल्‍्लेन जघानाश्रांश्व सप्तभि: । ध्वजमेकेषुणोन्मथ्य त्रिभिस्तं हृद्यताडयत्‌,उनमेंसे तीन बाणोंद्वारा सात्यकिने वृषसेनके सारथिको मारकर एकसे उसका धनुष काट दिया और सात बाणोंसे उसके घोड़ोंको मार डाला। फिर एक बाणसे उसके ध्वजाको खण्डित करके तीन बाणोंसे वृषसेनकी छातीमें भी चोट पहुँचायी

sañjaya uvāca | dhanuḥ-śviccheda-bhallena jaghānāśrāṃś ca saptabhiḥ | dhvajam ekeṣuṇonmathya tribhis taṃ hṛdi atāḍayat ||

Санджая сказал: Бритвенно-острой стрелой бхалла он рассёк лук, а семью стрелами сразил коней. Одной стрелой он вырвал знамя и затем тремя другими пронзил Вришасену в грудь — эпизод, показывающий беспощадную точность ратного мастерства, где доблесть мерят тем, как лишают врага средств боя, а не сдержанностью.

धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विच्छेदम्cutting, severing
विच्छेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविच्छेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भल्लेनwith a bhalla-arrow
भल्लेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभल्ल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
जघानstruck, slew
जघान:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सप्तभिःwith seven
सप्तभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
ध्वजम्banner, standard
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एकेषुणाwith one arrow
एकेषुणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootएक-इषु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उन्मथ्यhaving uprooted/struck down
उन्मथ्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootउन्मथ्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
त्रिभिःwith three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हृदिin the chest/heart-region
हृदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहृद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अताडयत्struck, smote
अताडयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतड्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Vṛṣasena
S
Sātyaki
C
charioteer (sārathi)
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
H
horses (aśvāḥ)
B
banner/standard (dhvaja)
A
arrows (iṣu, bhalla)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the battlefield ethic of kṣatriya-dharma: victory is pursued through decisive, technically precise action—disabling the opponent’s mobility (horses), weapon (bow), and morale-symbol (banner)—even when such efficiency entails severe violence.

In the clash described by Sañjaya, the attacker cuts the opponent’s bow with a bhalla arrow, kills the horses with seven arrows, knocks down the banner with one arrow, and then strikes Vṛṣasena in the chest with three arrows; the accompanying tradition identifies the charioteer as also being slain in this sequence.