Shloka 443

योद्धव्यमिति युध्यन्ते राजानो जयगृद्धिनः । राजन! बाणोंकी चोटसे व्याकुल हुए अपने और पराये योद्धा पहचानमें नहीं आते थे। विजयकी अभिलाषा रखनेवाले राजालोग--'युद्ध करना अपना कर्तव्य है” यह समझकर जूझ रहे थे

yoddhavyam iti yudhyante rājāno jayagṛddhinaḥ | rājann bāṇānāṃ coṭena vyākulāḥ svaparā yodhāḥ pratyabhijñāne na bhavanti sma | vijayābhilāṣiṇo rājānaḥ—“yuddhaṃ kartavyam” iti matvā jujūvuḥ |

Санджая сказал: «Цари, жаждущие победы, продолжали сражаться, убеждённые: “сражаться — наш долг”. О царь, поражённые и потрясённые ударами стрел, воины — свои ли, чужие ли — уже не узнавались. И всё же те властители, устремлённые к торжеству, не прекращали схватки, принимая саму войну за назначенную им обязанность».

योद्धव्यम्to be fought / must be fought
योद्धव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligative), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
युध्यन्तेthey fight
युध्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, 3rd, Plural
राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जयगृद्धिनःdesirous of victory
जयगृद्धिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजयगृद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra
K
kings (rājānaḥ)
W
warriors (yodhāḥ)
A
arrows (bāṇāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a tension between dharma and desire: rulers justify continued fighting as a duty (“yoddhavyam… kartavyam”), yet their motivation is also explicit craving for victory (jayagṛddhi). It suggests how ‘duty’ can be invoked to sustain violence even when the battlefield has become morally and practically chaotic.

Sanjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the battle has grown so intense that, under the shock of arrow-strikes, fighters on both sides cannot be recognized as friend or foe. Despite this confusion, the kings keep battling, driven by the aim of victory and the belief that fighting is their rightful obligation.