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Shloka 9

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

एतच्छुत्वा तु वचन राज्ञो भरतसत्तम | दुर्योधनमिदं वाक्य भीष्म: शान्तनवोडब्रवीत्‌

etac chrutvā tu vacanaṁ rājño bharatasattama | duryodhanam idaṁ vākyaṁ bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavo ’bravīt, kathayāmāsa durdharṣo viniḥśvasya punaḥ punaḥ |

Санджая сказал: «О лучший из Бхарат, услышав слова царя, Бхишма, сын Шантану, обратился к Дурьодхане с ответом. Дурьодхана, труднодостижимый в бою, снова и снова тяжко вздыхал, вновь и вновь пересказывая случившееся, — не в силах вынести унижения своего поражения в той великой битве. И тогда Бхишма сказал ему так».

एतत्this (speech/statement)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वचनम्speech/words
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भरतसत्तमO best of the Bharatas
भरतसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootभरत-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्statement/speech
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शान्तनवःson of Shantanu
शान्तनवः:
Karta
TypeNoun (patronymic)
Rootशान्तनव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथयामासrelated/told (at length)
कथयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootकथय् (धातु, causative of कथ्)
FormPeriphrastic perfect (लिट्-परस्मैपद, 'आस' construction), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुर्धर्षःhard to assail/irresistible
दुर्धर्षः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्धर्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनिःश्वस्यhaving sighed/exhaled
विनिःश्वस्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-श्वस् (धातु) with वि-नि- उपसर्ग
Formल्यप्/क्त्वा-समकक्ष (absolutive form in -य), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śāntanu
B
Bharatas (Kuru lineage)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how wounded pride and inability to bear defeat can agitate even a powerful warrior, and how such agitation naturally leads one to seek counsel from an elder. Ethically, it points to the need for steadiness (self-control) and wise guidance in moments of humiliation and crisis.

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana, repeatedly sighing, narrates his distress and setback in the great battle. After hearing him, Bhīṣma—Śāntanu’s son—begins to respond, setting up Bhīṣma’s counsel to Duryodhana.