Shloka 10

Makara-vyūha and Krauñca-prativyūha at Sunrise (मकरव्यूहः क्रौञ्चप्रतिव्यूहश्च)

Devanagari script

राजर्षीणामुदाराणामाहवेष्वनिवर्तिनाम्‌ । सर्वधर्मप्रधानानां त्वं गतिर्मधुसूदन,“मधुसूदन! जो सम्पूर्ण धर्मोमें प्रधान और संग्रामसे कभी पीछे हटनेवाले नहीं हैं, उन उदार राजर्षियोंके परम आश्रय भी आप ही हैं

Transliteration

rājarṣīṇām udārāṇām āhaveṣv anivartinām | sarvadharma-pradhānānāṁ tvaṁ gatir madhusūdana ||

Translation

Бхишма сказал: «О Мадхусудана, ты — высшее прибежище и последний оплот для благородных царей-риши, которые ставят дхарму превыше всего и никогда не отступают в битве».

Word by Word

राजर्षीणाम्of the royal sages

उदाराणाम्of the noble/generous

आहवेषुin battles

अनिवर्तिनाम्of those who do not turn back

सर्वधर्मप्रधानानाम्of those for whom all dharmas are foremost / who are foremost in all dharmas

त्वम्you

गतिःrefuge/goal/support

मधुसूदनO slayer of Madhu (Krishna)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)

rājarṣis (royal sages)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even the most righteous and steadfast leaders—those who uphold dharma and do not retreat from rightful battle—ultimately depend on the Divine as their highest refuge (gati).

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma addresses Kṛṣṇa (as Madhusūdana), extolling him as the ultimate support and destination of noble rājarṣis who prioritize dharma and remain unwavering in warfare.