Shloka 52

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

Devanagari script

छिन्नदन्ताग्रहस्ताश्न भिन्नकुम्भास्तथा परे । वियोधा: स्वान्यनीकानि जघ्नुर्भारत वारणा:

Transliteration

chinnadantāgrahastāś ca bhinnakumbhās tathā pare | viyodhāḥ svāny anīkāni jaghnur bhārata vāraṇāḥ ||

Translation

Санджая сказал: Одни слоны были с отсечёнными кончиками бивней и хоботами, другие — с расколотыми висками; и всё же, обезумев и выйдя из повиновения, они обратились на собственные построения и, попирая, убивали своих, о Бхарата.

Word by Word

• छिन्नदन्ताग्रहस्ताः: having hands (trunks) with broken tusk-tips
• छिन्नदन्ताग्रहस्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: छिन्न-दन्त-अग्र-हस्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अश्नन्: they ate / devoured
• अश्नन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Indicative

• भिन्नकुम्भाः: with split temples (foreheads)
• भिन्नकुम्भाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भिन्न-कुम्भ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तथा: likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• परे: others
• परे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वियोधाः: warriors
• वियोधाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वियोध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स्वानि: their own
• स्वानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अनीकानि: armies / divisions
• अनीकानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• जघ्नुः: they slew / struck down
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Indicative

• भारत: O Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• वारणाः: elephants
• वारणाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वारण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
• Elephants (vāraṇāḥ)
• Battle formations (anīkāni)