Shloka 20

Rajo-dhūli-saṃmūḍha-saṅgrāmaḥ

The Dust-Obscured Battle and Mutual Charges

Devanagari script

पुरा चैवापराधेन वधेन च चमूपते: । मन्ये मन: प्रजज्वाल पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम्‌

Transliteration

purā caivāparādhena vadhena ca camūpateḥ | manye manaḥ prajajvāla pāṇḍavānāṁ mahātmanām ||

Translation

Дхритараштра сказал: «И прежде, из‑за неправды, совершённой против них, — а теперь ещё и из‑за гибели их военачальника, — я полагаю, что сердца великодушных Пандавов воспламенились, как огонь. Их гнев, рождённый обидой и несправедливостью, ныне должен пылать яростно.»

Word by Word

• पुरा: formerly, earlier
• पुरा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा
• Form: Avyaya (temporal adverb)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya (conjunction)

• एव: indeed, certainly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव
• Form: Avyaya (emphatic particle)

• अपराधेन: by/through an offense
• अपराधेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपराध
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• वधेन: by the killing
• वधेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya (conjunction)

• चमूपतेः: of the army-commander
• चमूपतेः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमूपति
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• मन्ये: I think
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (मन्यते)
• Form: Present, 1st person, Singular, Parasmaipada (usage), indicative

• मनः: mind, heart
• मनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• प्रजज्वाल: blazed forth, flared up
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्वल्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पाण्डवानाम्: of the Pandavas
• पाण्डवानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• महात्मनाम्: of the great-souled
• महात्मनाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Speaker

धृतराष्ट उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Pāṇḍavas
• camūpati (army-commander)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Wrongdoing (aparādha) and violent loss (vadha) kindle lasting resentment; Dhṛtarāṣṭra recognizes that injustice fuels a moral and psychological fire that escalates conflict and makes reconciliation harder.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛtarāṣṭra reflects on the Pāṇḍavas’ state of mind: earlier offences committed against them, together with the killing of their army-commander, have likely inflamed their hearts, intensifying their resolve in the war.