Shloka 40

Chapter 19: Prativyūha of the Pāṇḍavas — Vajra (Acala) Formation and Dawn Omens

Devanagari script

अथ संनहामानेषु सैन्येषु भरतर्षभ । निष्प्रभो5 भ्युद्ययौ सूर्य: सघोष॑ भूश्चचाल च,भरतभूषण! जब उभय-पक्षकी सेनाएँ युद्धके लिये पूर्णतः तैयार हो गयीं, उस समय सूर्यकी प्रभा फीकी पड़ गयी और भारी आवाजके साथ धरती काँपने लगी

Transliteration

atha saṃnahāmāneṣu sainyeṣu bharatarṣabha | niṣprabho 'bhyudyayau sūryaḥ saghoṣaṃ bhūś cacāla ca ||

Translation

Санджая сказал: «О бык среди Бхаратов! Когда оба войска полностью вооружились и встали, готовые к битве, солнце взошло с померкшим сиянием, а земля содрогнулась под великим, зловещим гулом».

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• संनहामानेषु: while (they) were arming/preparing
• संनहामानेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: संनह् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural, Ātmanepada (middle sense)

• सैन्येषु: in the armies
• सैन्येषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• निष्प्रभः: lusterless, dim
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निष्प्रभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभ्युद्ययौ: rose up, appeared
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद् + या (धातु) (अभि-उद्-या)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सूर्यः: the sun
• सूर्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सघोषम्: with a loud sound
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स-घोष

• भूः: the earth
• भूः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भू
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• चचाल: shook, trembled
• Type: Verb
• Root: चल् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address bharatarṣabha)
• Sūrya (the Sun)
• Bhū (the Earth)
• the two armies (Kaurava and Pāṇḍava, implied)