Shloka 11

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय 18: सेनानिनादः, ध्वज-दीप्तिः, भीष्मरक्षण-व्यवस्था च

Battle Muster: Soundscape, Banners, and the Protection of Bhīṣma

Devanagari script

विविंशतिक्षित्रसेनो विकर्णश्र महारथ: । सत्यव्रत: पुरुमित्रो जयो भूरिश्रवा: शल:

Transliteration

viviṁśatikṣitraseṇo vikarṇaś ca mahārathaḥ | satyavrataḥ purumitraḥ jayo bhūriśravāḥ śalaḥ ||

Translation

Санджая сказал: «Были также Вивимшати, Кшитрасена и Викарна — великий воин колесницы; равно Сатьяврата, Пурумитра, Джая, Бхуришрава и Шала».

Word by Word

विविंशतिVivimshati (a warrior)

क्षित्रसेनःKṣitrasena (name; 'army of the kṣatra/warrior')

विकर्णःVikarṇa

चand

महारथःgreat chariot-warrior

सत्यव्रतःSatyavrata (name; 'one whose vow is truth')

पुरुमित्रःPurumitra (name; 'having many friends')

जयःJaya (name; 'victory')

भूरिश्रवाःBhūriśravas (name; 'of great fame')

शलःŚala (name)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Viviṁśati

Kṣitraseṇa

Vikarṇa

Satyavrata

Purumitra

Jaya

Bhūriśravā

Śala

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse functions as a moral-narrative reminder that war is made of individual agents: each named warrior embodies personal vows, loyalties, and responsibilities. By enumerating them, the epic stresses accountability and the ethical gravity of choosing sides and taking up arms.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya continues reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by listing notable fighters present in the Kuru host. This is part of the broader battlefield description and mustering of forces in Bhīṣma Parva.