Shloka 51

Śākadvīpa–Pramāṇa–Varṇana

Measurements and Description of Śākadvīpa

Devanagari script

य: शृणोति महीपाल पर्वणीदं यतव्रत: । प्रीयन्ते पितरस्तस्य तथैव च पितामहा:

Transliteration

yaḥ śṛṇoti mahīpāla parvaṇīdaṃ yatavrataḥ | prīyante pitaras tasya tathaiva ca pitāmahāḥ ||

Translation

Санджая сказал: О царь, тот, кто, соблюдая самообуздание и твёрдую обетную дисциплину, слушает это повествование в каждый священный праздничный день, — его предки и праотцы бывают вполне довольны и удовлетворены.

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शृणोति: he hears
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: Present, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• महीपाल: O king (protector of the earth)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महीपाल
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पर्वणि: on a festival/holy day
• पर्वणि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• इदम्: this (account)
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• यतव्रतः: one of restrained vows / observing vows
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यतव्रत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रीयन्ते: are pleased / become satisfied
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्री
• Form: Present, 3, Plural, Atmanepada

• पितरः: the ancestors (pitṛs)
• पितरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तस्य: of him
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• तथा: so, likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पितामहाः: grandfathers / forefathers
• पितामहाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भूपाल: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूपाल
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• mahīpāla (the king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
• pitaraḥ (ancestors)
• pitāmahāḥ (forefathers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Regularly hearing sacred history with self-discipline and a vowed mind is presented as a dharmic act whose merit extends beyond oneself, bringing satisfaction to one’s ancestors and forefathers.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya addresses the king and states a phalaśruti: whoever listens to this episode on parvan (festival/observance) days while maintaining restraint and vows gains the blessing that his pitṛs and pitāmahas are pleased.