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Shloka 30

Śākadvīpa–Pramāṇa–Varṇana

Measurements and Description of Śākadvīpa

स राजा स शिवो राजन्‌ स पिता प्रपितामह: । गोपायति नरश्रेष्ठ प्रजाःसजडपण्डिता:

sa rājā sa śivo rājan sa pitā prapitāmahaḥ | gopāyati naraśreṣṭha prajāḥ sa jaḍapaṇḍitāḥ ||

Санджая сказал: «О царь, он и есть истинный царь; он сам — благость и благоприятность. Он действует ради блага всех. О владыка, для своих людей он как отец и даже как прародитель. О лучший из мужей, он хранит подданных целиком — и неразумных, и мудрых.»

सःhe/that (king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिवःauspicious; beneficent
शिवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रपितामहःgreat-grandfather
प्रपितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गोपायतिprotects
गोपायति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगुप् (गोपाय-)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नरश्रेष्ठO best of men
नरश्रेष्ठ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनरश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रजाःsubjects; creatures
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
together with
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जडdull; inert (ones)
जड:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजड
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पण्डिताःlearned (ones)
पण्डिताः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as rājan)
T
the king/ruler being praised (implicit)
P
prajāḥ (subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents an ideal of rājadharma: a true king is defined by beneficence and protection. He must safeguard all subjects without discrimination—wise and unwise alike—acting as a paternal guardian whose legitimacy rests on welfare and care.

Sañjaya, reporting to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, praises the nature of rightful rulership. In the war-context of Bhīṣma Parva, this functions as a moral frame: even amid conflict, the standard for a ruler is the protection and well-being of the people.