Shloka 44

भीष्मरक्षण-प्रकरणम् / The Protective Screen around Bhīṣma and the Śalya–Yudhiṣṭhira Clash

Devanagari script

पुत्राश्न तव गाड़ेयं परिवार्य ययुर्मुदा । कम्पयन्तो भुवं द्यां च क्षोभयन्तश्न॒ पाण्डवान्‌

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | putrāś ca tava gāḍheyaṃ parivārya yayur mudā | kampayanto bhuvaṃ dyāṃ ca kṣobhayantaś ca pāṇḍavān |

Translation

Санджая сказал: Твои сыновья, тесно окружив Бхишму со всех сторон, двинулись вперёд с ликованием. В их движении казалось, будто дрожат и земля, и небо; и этим показом силы они возмутили сердца Пандавов, вселяя в них тревогу.

Word by Word

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: Masculine/Feminine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• गाढम्: closely/tightly
• गाढम्: Kriya-visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गाढ
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• एनम्: him (this one)
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• परिवार्य: having surrounded/encircled
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + वृ (वृञ् वरणे/वृ गतौ) → परिवारयति
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• ययुः: went/marched
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (गतौ)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• मुदा: with joy
• मुदा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुद्/मुदा
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• कम्पयन्तः: shaking
• कम्पयन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कम्पय (causative of कम्प्)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भुवम्: the earth
• भुवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुव्/भू (भूमि)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• द्याम्: the sky/heaven
• द्याम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• क्षोभयन्तः: agitating/disturbing
• क्षोभयन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षोभय (causative of क्षुभ्)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पाण्डवान्: the Pandavas
• पाण्डवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'your sons')
• Kauravas (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons)
• Bhīṣma
• Pāṇḍavas
• Earth (bhū)
• Heaven/Sky (dyauḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how outward power and triumphant display can be used to unsettle opponents; ethically, it points to the danger of martial pride (mada) and intimidation as tools that agitate minds, contrasting with the steadiness expected of those aligned with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons march forward joyfully while tightly surrounding Bhīṣma, their movement portrayed as so forceful it ‘shakes earth and heaven,’ and it creates agitation among the Pāṇḍavas.