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Shloka 20

सैन्यसंनिवेशः (Sainyasaṃniveśaḥ) — Deployment, Omens, and Yuddha-Dharma Conventions

उदतिष्ठद्‌ रजो भौम॑ न प्राज्ञायत किंचन । अस्तड़त इवादित्ये सैन्येन सहसा55वृते

udatiṣṭhad rajo bhaumaṁ na prājñāyata kiṁcana | astaṁ gata ivāditye sainyena sahasāvṛte ||

Вайшампаяна сказал: Поднялась земная пыль, и ничего нельзя было различить. Когда войска внезапно окутало это марево, казалось, будто само солнце зашло.

उदतिष्ठत्arose, rose up
उदतिष्ठत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-स्था (तिष्ठ)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
रजःdust
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भौमम्earthy, from the ground
भौमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभौम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्राज्ञायतwas perceived/known
प्राज्ञायत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ज्ञा
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3, Singular, Atmanepada
किंचनanything (at all)
किंचन:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिंचन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अस्तम्to setting (down), into sunset
अस्तम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस्त
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आदित्येwhen/with the sun (being so)
आदित्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सैन्येनby the army
सैन्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सहसाsuddenly, violently
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
आवृतेwhen (it was) covered/obscured
आवृते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√वृ (आवृत)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular

वैशग्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
Ā
Āditya (the Sun)
S
sainya (the armies)
B
bhūmi/dharatī (the earth/ground)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war generates literal and moral obscurity: when violence erupts, clarity of perception and judgment is lost, symbolized by dust blotting out the sun.

As the armies move and clash, a massive cloud of dust rises from the ground, covering everything so completely that visibility is lost and the sun appears to have set.