Shloka 31

प्राग्ज्योतिषे वज्रदत्त-धनंजय-समागमः

Vajradatta Confronts Dhanaṃjaya at Prāgjyotiṣa

Devanagari script

ते भग्नमनस: सर्वे त्रैगर्तकमहारथा: । दिशोभिदुद्रुवू राजन्‌ धनंजयशरार्दिता:

Transliteration

te bhagnamanasaḥ sarve traigartaka-mahārathāḥ | diśo 'bhidudruvuḥ rājan dhanañjaya-śarārditāḥ ||

Translation

Вайшампаяна сказал: О царь, все великие колесничие воины страны Тригартов, сломленные духом и терзаемые стрелами Дхананджаи, в смятении бросились бежать во все четыре стороны.

Word by Word

• ते: they/those
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भग्नमनसः: with broken spirits, disheartened
• भग्नमनसः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भग्नमनस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• त्रैगर्तक: belonging to the Trigartas
• त्रैगर्तक: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रैगर्तक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महारथाः: great chariot-warriors
• महारथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दिशः: directions
• दिशः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• अभि: towards, in the direction of
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि

• दुद्रुवुः: they fled/ran
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्रु (धावने)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• धनंजय: by Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजय: Karana
• Type: Noun (Proper)
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• शर: with arrows
• शर: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अर्दिताः: afflicted, tormented
• अर्दिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective (Past Passive Participle)
• Root: अर्दित (from √अर्द्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Arjuna (Dhanañjaya)
• Trigarta (people/warriors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical and psychological dimension of battle: when disciplined strength and skill (here, Arjuna’s archery) overwhelm opponents, morale collapses and even renowned warriors may abandon the field—showing how inner resolve is as decisive as weapons.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates that the Trigarta great warriors, wounded and pressured by Arjuna’s arrows, lose their fighting spirit and scatter, fleeing toward the four directions.