Shloka 5

Rajo-guṇa-nirdeśa — Brahmā’s Enumeration of Rajasic Dispositions

Devanagari script

उग्र॑ं दारुणमाक्रोश: परच्छिद्रानुशासनम्‌ । लोकचिन्तानुचिन्ता च मत्सर: परिभावन:

Transliteration

ugraṁ dāruṇam ākrośaḥ parachidrānuśāsanam | lokacintānucintā ca matsaraḥ paribhāvanaḥ ||

Translation

Ваю сказал: «Жестокая, грубая брань; привычка выслеживать чужие изъяны; тревожное пережёвывание мирских забот; зависть; и склонность унижать — таковы наклонности, что разъедают характер и подтачивают праведное поведение».

Word by Word

• उग्रम्: fierce
• उग्रम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• दारुणम्: cruel/terrible
• दारुणम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दारुण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• आक्रोशः: shouting/abuse
• आक्रोशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आक्रोश
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परच्छिद्रानुशासनम्: instruction/harping on others' faults
• परच्छिद्रानुशासनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर-छिद्र-अनुशासन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• लोकचिन्तानुचिन्ता: brooding after worldly concerns
• लोकचिन्तानुचिन्ता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक-चिन्ता-अनुचिन्ता
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मत्सरः: envy/jealousy
• मत्सरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्सर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परिभावनः: contempt/insulting attitude
• परिभावनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिभावन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse warns against inner vices expressed through speech and attitude—harsh reviling, fault-finding, worldly brooding, jealousy, and contempt—because they erode one’s moral life (dharma) and damage relationships.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva is speaking in a didactic mode, listing negative traits to be avoided, functioning as moral instruction within the Ashvamedhika Parva’s broader post-war ethical reflections.