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Shloka 3

Vipulopākhyāna—Ruci-rakṣā and Śakra’s Māyā (विपुलोपाख्यानम्—रुचिरक्षणं शक्रमाया च)

अपीडयन्‌ भूत्यवर्गमित्येवमनुशुश्रुम । पीडयन्‌ भृत्यवर्ग हि आत्मानमपकर्षति

apīḍayan bhṛtyavargam ity evam anuśuśruma | pīḍayan bhṛtyavargaṁ hi ātmānam apakarṣati ||

Бхишма сказал: «Так мы слышали: следует дарить, не причиняя страдания тем, кто находится на твоём попечении. Ибо тот, кто мучит домочадцев и зависимых — лишая их необходимого или заставляя терпеть — ради милостыни, поистине унижает самого себя».

अपीडयन्not afflicting / without troubling
अपीडयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपीड् (पीडयति)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भृत्य-वर्गम्the group of dependents/servants
भृत्य-वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य + वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
अनुशुश्रुमwe have heard
अनुशुश्रुम:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (शृणोति)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 1st, Plural
पीडयन्afflicting / troubling
पीडयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपीड् (पीडयति)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भृत्य-वर्गम्the group of dependents/servants
भृत्य-वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य + वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
आत्मानम्oneself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपकर्षतिdrags down / degrades
अपकर्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृष् (कर्षति) with अप-
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Charity must not be performed by harming those one is obligated to support; giving that causes suffering to one’s dependents becomes ethically self-degrading rather than meritorious.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma, he cites a traditional maxim: a donor should give in a way that does not oppress the household or dependents, warning that such oppressive giving leads to the donor’s moral downfall.