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Shloka 2

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 104 — कर्णोत्पत्ति, दानधर्म, वैकर्तन-नामकरण

Karna’s Birth, Gift-Ethic, and the Name Vaikartana

समाश्चास्य स्नुषे ते च भीष्मं शस्त्रभूतां वरम्‌ धर्म च पितृवंशं च मातृवंशं च भाविनी । प्रसमीक्ष्य महाभागा गाड़्ेयं वाक्यमब्रवीत्‌,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! तदनन्तर पुत्रकी इच्छा रखनेवाली सत्यवती अपने पुत्रके वियोगसे अत्यन्त दीन और कृपण हो गयी। उसने पुत्रवधुओंके साथ पुत्रके प्रेतकार्य करके अपनी दोनों बहुओं तथा शबस्त्रधारियोंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्मजीको धीरज बँधाया। फिर उस महाभागा मंगलमयी देवीने धर्म, पितृूकूुल तथा मातृकुलकी ओर देखकर गंगानन्दन भीष्मसे कहा--“बेटा! सदा धर्ममें तत्पर रहनेवाले परम यशस्वी कुरुनन्दन महाराज शान्तनुके पिण्ड, कीर्ति और वंश ये सब अब तुम्हींपर अवलम्बित हैं

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

sa-māś cāsya snuṣe te ca bhīṣmaṃ śastrabhūtāṃ varaṃ dharmaṃ ca pitṛvaṃśaṃ ca mātṛvaṃśaṃ ca bhāvinī |

prasamikṣya mahābhāgā gāḍhyaṃ vākyam abravīt |

Вайшампаяна сказал: Тогда благородная Сатьявати, внимательно взирая на дхарму и на оба рода — отцовский и материнский, — утешила Бхишму, лучшего среди носящих оружие, а также двух своих невесток. Глубоко поразмыслив, славная царица произнесла веские слова, указывая на обязанность хранить праведный порядок и непрерывность дома Куру.

समाःequal / similar
समाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him / his
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
स्नुषेtwo daughters-in-law
स्नुषे:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्नुषा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
तेthose (two)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शस्त्रभूताम्having become (as it were) a weapon / weapon-like
शस्त्रभूताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशस्त्रभूत
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वरम्excellent / best
वरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma / righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पितृवंशम्paternal lineage
पितृवंशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृवंश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मातृवंशम्maternal lineage
मातृवंशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमातृवंश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भाविनीauspicious / noble lady
भाविनी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभाविनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रसमीक्ष्यhaving examined / considering
प्रसमीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-सम्-ईक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
महाभागाvery fortunate / illustrious (lady)
महाभागा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाभाग
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गाङ्गेयम्to Ganga's son (Bhishma)
गाङ्गेयम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootगाङ्गेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech / words
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said / spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
S
Satyavatī
B
Bhīṣma
T
two daughters-in-law (Ambikā and Ambālikā, implied)
Ś
Śāntanu (implied in context)
K
Kuru lineage (implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a crisis of succession as an ethical problem: preserving dharma and the integrity of both paternal and maternal lineages becomes a sacred responsibility. Leadership is portrayed not merely as power, but as guardianship of social order and ancestral continuity.

After the death-related rites and a period of grief, Satyavatī steadies the household—her daughters-in-law and Bhīṣma. She then speaks seriously to Bhīṣma, preparing to place upon him the burden of sustaining the Kuru line and upholding dharma.