Shloka 5

Kāraṇa-vyākhyā: Cosmic Agents, Rudra-Forms, Sense-Purity, and Ānanda-Tāratamya

Devanagari script

सूत्रनाम्नस्तथा वायोः सदायं विनतासुत / कालनामा च गरुडो वाहनार्थं हरेरभूत्

Transliteration

sūtranāmnastathā vāyoḥ sadāyaṃ vinatāsuta / kālanāmā ca garuḍo vāhanārthaṃ harerabhūt

Translation

О сын Винаты, Ваю также известен под именами Сутра и Садая; а Гаруда, носящий имя Кала, стал ваханой — ездовой птицей Хари (Вишну).

Word by Word

• sūtra-nāmnaḥ: of (one) named Sūtra
• sūtra-nāmnaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūtra (प्रातिपदिक) + nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (sūtrasya nāma = 'named Sūtra')

• tathā: likewise/also
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb/particle (क्रियाविशेषण/निपात)

• vāyoḥ: of Vāyu
• vāyoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāyu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• sadā: always
• sadā: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)

• ayam: this (one)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun

• vinatā-suta: O son of Vinatā
• vinatā-suta: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vinatā (प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (vinatāyāḥ sutaḥ)

• kāla-nāmā: named Kāla
• kāla-nāmā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक) + nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; बहुव्रीहिः ('whose name is Kāla') qualifying garuḍaḥ

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक निपात)

• garuḍaḥ: Garuḍa
• garuḍaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: garuḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• vāhana-artham: for (the purpose of being) a vehicle
• vāhana-artham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāhana (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः (vāhanasya arthaḥ) used adverbially = purpose

• hareḥ: of Hari (Viṣṇu)
• hareḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• abhūt: became
• abhūt: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (Aorist/लुङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (addressing Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Names indicate functions: Vāyu as sūtra (connecting principle) and ever-moving life-force; Garuḍa as kāla (time/velocity) serving as Viṣṇu’s vehicle.

Vedantic Theme: Tattva-viveka through nāma-rūpa: functional designations point to underlying cosmic principles governed by Īśvara.

Application: Contemplate how forces like prāṇa (vāyu) and time (kāla) shape life; align actions with awareness of impermanence and breath-discipline.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: cosmological/etymological naming passages; Garuḍa’s role as Viṣṇu-vāhana recurring

Characters & Entities

• Vayu
• Garuda
• Hari (Vishnu)
• Kala (Time)

FAQs

What is the importance of Garuḍa being called ‘Kāla’ in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

This verse links Garuḍa with the principle of Kāla (Time), indicating a cosmic function beyond being merely Viṣṇu’s mount—he is associated with the power that moves and orders events.

How does this verse relate to Garuḍa’s role in the Garuḍa Purāṇa dialogue?

Viṣṇu addresses Garuḍa directly (vinatāsuta), affirming Garuḍa’s exalted identity and role as Hari’s vāhana, setting a theological frame for the teachings that follow.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Contemplating divine names as functions (Vāyu as sustaining ‘Sūtra’, Garuḍa as ‘Kāla’) encourages disciplined living aligned with time, duty, and devotion to Viṣṇu.