Shloka 41

मुक्ता-उत्पत्ति-भेदाः, मूल्य-मान-निर्णयः, शोधन-परीक्षा-लक्षणानि

Pearl Sources, Valuation, Refinement, and Identification

Devanagari script

यत्तु नायाति वैवर्ण्यं विज्ञेयं तदकृत्रिमम् / सितं प्रमाणवत्स्निग्धं गुरु स्वच्छं सुनिर्मलम्

Transliteration

yattu nāyāti vaivarṇyaṃ vijñeyaṃ tadakṛtrimam / sitaṃ pramāṇavatsnigdhaṃ guru svacchaṃ sunirmalam

Translation

То, что не меняет окраски, следует знать как подлинное и не подмешанное: белое, правильной меры, гладкое и маслянисто-лоснящееся, увесистое, ясное и совершенно чистое.

Word by Word

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्; सम्बन्ध-प्रदर्शक (relative pronoun: 'that which')

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वयार्थक-निपातः (particle: 'but/indeed')

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपातः (negation)

• आयाति: comes/occurs
• आयाति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (present), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• वैवर्ण्यम्: discoloration
• वैवर्ण्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैवर्ण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; भाववाचक (discoloration)

• विज्ञेयम्: is to be known
• विज्ञेयम्: Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु) + वि (उपसर्ग) + य (कृत्: यत्/ण्यत् भाव)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विधिलिङ्गार्थ-गेरुण्डिव (to be known)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; निर्देशः (that)

• अकृत्रिमम्: natural, not artificial
• अकृत्रिमम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ (नञ्) + कृत्रिम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; नञ्-समास/निषेध (not artificial)

• सितम्: white
• सितम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• प्रमाणवत्-स्निग्धम्: well-proportioned and glossy
• प्रमाणवत्-स्निग्धम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रमाणवत् (प्रातिपदिक) + स्निग्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः (प्रमाणवत् च स्निग्धं च)

• गुरु: heavy
• गुरु: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• स्वच्छम्: clear/transparent
• स्वच्छम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वच्छ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• सु-निर्मलम्: very pure
• सु-निर्मलम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय-पूर्वपद) + निर्मल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; उपपद-पूर्वक विशेषण (very pure)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Lakṣaṇa (defining marks) of the genuine: stability (no discoloration) and intrinsic qualities (whiteness, weight, clarity).

Vedantic Theme: Viveka—distinguishing the real from the counterfeit; the ‘unchanging’ as a sign of truth (satya-lakṣaṇa).

Application: Assess authenticity by observing change under tests; prefer stable, clear, well-proportioned qualities in decisions and relationships.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.69.40 (testing methods); Garuda Purana 1.69.42-44 (qualities and effects of a good pearl)

FAQs

What is the importance of identifying what is akṛtrima (unadulterated) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse gives practical markers of authenticity—no discoloration, proper standard, clarity, and purity—so ritual items and offerings are not compromised by impurity or adulteration.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana ritual discipline?

It frames a dharmic standard for selecting materials: what remains stable in color and is clear, pure, and of proper measure is fit to be treated as genuine for sacred use.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Choose offerings and ritual supplies that are clean, uncontaminated, and consistent in quality; avoid adulterated items that show discoloration or impurity, especially in rites connected with sanctity and remembrance.