Shloka 30

महोदरवधः

The Slaying of Mahodara

Devanagari script

तौतुरोषपरीताङ्गौनर्दन्तावभ्यधावताम् ।।6.98.30।।उद्यतासीरणेहृष्टावुभौशस्त्रविशारदौ ।

Transliteration

tatas tu roṣaparītāṅgau nardantāv abhyadhāvatām |

udyatāsī raṇe hṛṣṭāv ubhau śastraviśāradau ||6.98.30||

Translation

Então, com os membros tomados pela ira, rugindo em voz alta, ambos investiram um contra o outro. No tumulto da batalha avançaram com as espadas erguidas—ambos exultantes, ambos versados nas armas.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• रोषपरीताङ्गौ: whose limbs were overcome by anger (the two)
• रोषपरीताङ्गौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: roṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + parīta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + aṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; बहुव्रीहि: रोषेण परीतानि अङ्गानि यस्य तौ

• नर्दन्तौ: roaring (the two)
• नर्दन्तौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nard (धातु) + śatṛ (कृत्)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; कर्तृवाचक; उभयोः विशेषण

• अभ्यधावताम्: ran towards (each other)
• अभ्यधावताम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi + dhāv (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन

• उद्यतासी: with swords uplifted
• उद्यतासी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: udyata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + asi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; बहुव्रीहि: उद्यतः असिः यस्य तौ (with swords raised)

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन

• हृष्टौ: exultant; thrilled
• हृष्टौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; उभयोः विशेषण

• उभौ: both
• उभौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ubha (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; सर्वनाम-शब्द

• शस्त्रविशारदौ: skilled in weapons
• शस्त्रविशारदौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śastra (प्रातिपदिक) + viśārada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; सप्तमी/विषय-तत्पुरुष: शस्त्रे विशारदौ (skilled in weapons)

Context

Then the two, whose limbs ceased, who were knowledgeable in the use of weapons, furious, sprang forward in the battle, both with joy, roaring to destroy one another.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Mahodara
• Sword (asī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse implicitly warns that anger drives combatants, yet dharma requires mastery over rage; skill must be governed by right intention, not mere fury.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva and Mahodara move into an armed duel, charging with raised swords and battle-cries.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Martial proficiency—both are described as śastra-viśārada, trained and capable in weapon use.