Shloka 13

इन्द्रजित्-हनूमद्-युद्धं तथा निकुम्भिलायां होमः

Indrajit vs Hanuman; Indrajit’s Nikumbhila rite

Devanagari script

तमभ्यधावन् शतशोनदन्तःकाननौकसः ।तेद्रुमांश्चमहाकायागिरिशृङ्गाणिचोद्यताः ।।।।

Transliteration

tam abhyadhāvan śataśo nadantaḥ kānanaukasaḥ | te drumāṃś ca mahākāyā giriśṛṅgāṇi codyatāḥ ||

Translation

Então aqueles vānara gigantes, habitantes das matas, rugindo às centenas, correram contra eles, erguendo árvores e até picos de montanha como armas.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अभ्यधावन्: ran towards/charged
• अभ्यधावन्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-धाव् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• शतशः: by hundreds
• शतशः: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शतशः (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण-अव्यय (distributive adverb): by hundreds

• नदन्तः: roaring/shouting
• नदन्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नद् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; qualifying काननौकसः

• काननौकसः: forest-dwellers
• काननौकसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कानन (प्रातिपदिक) + ओकस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: कानने ओकः येषाम्/कानन-ओकसः (forest-dwellers); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ते: they/those
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• द्रुमान्: trees
• द्रुमान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• महाकायाः: huge-bodied
• महाकायाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाकाय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: महान् कायः येषाम्/महान् कायः (descriptive); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; qualifying ते

• गिरिशृङ्गाणि: mountain-peaks
• गिरिशृङ्गाणि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरि (प्रातिपदिक) + शृङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: गिरेः शृङ्गाणि (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• उद्यताः: raised up
• उद्यताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्-यत् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) used adjectivally; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; qualifying ते

Context

Those gigantic forest dwellers in hundreds seizing trees and rocks lifted and fought making loud noise.

Characters & Entities

• Vānaras (forest-dwellers)
• Rākṣasas (implied opponents)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It reflects yuddha-dharma: standing firm and advancing courageously in a righteous cause, even against overwhelming violence.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vānara forces surge into battle in massed ranks, using trees and rocks as improvised weapons.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective courage and fearlessness (abhaya), shown by charging while roaring and wielding massive natural weapons.