Shloka 89

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

स भूतलेभीमबलाभिपिष्टस्सुरारिभिस्स्सैरभिहन्यमानः ।जगामखंवेगवदभ्युपेत्यपुनश्चरामेणसमाजगाम ।।।।

Transliteration

sa bhūtale bhīmabalābhipiṣṭaḥ surāribhis tair abhihanyamānaḥ |

jagāma khaṁ vegavad abhyupetya punaś ca rāmeṇa samājagāma ||

Translation

Embora esmagado contra a terra por aquele inimigo dos deuses de força terrível, ele saltou com velocidade para o céu aberto e depois retornou para se juntar novamente a Rama.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• भूतले: on the ground
• भूतले: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूतल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• भीमबलाभिपिष्टः: crushed/pressed down by dreadful force
• भीमबलाभिपिष्टः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम-बल-अभि-√पिष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासः (भीमं बलं यस्य/भीमबलम्); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सुरारिभिः: by the enemies of the gods
• सुरारिभिः: करण (Karana/Instrument; agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर-अरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (सुराणाम् अरयः); पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• तैः: by those (ones)
• तैः: करण (Karana/Instrument; apposition to सुरारिभिः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• अभिहन्यमानः: being struck/assailed
• अभिहन्यमानः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि-√हन् (धातु) + यमान (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि कृदन्त (present passive participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• जगाम: went/reached
• जगाम: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• खम्: the sky
• खम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• वेगवत्: swiftly
• वेगवत्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वेगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverbial usage of -वत् form); क्रियाविशेषण

• अभ्युपेत्य: having sprung up/approached
• अभ्युपेत्य: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि-उप-√इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having approached/risen)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction/particle)

• रामेण: with Rama
• रामेण: सह/साकं-भाव (Associative; with)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• समाजगाम: came together/rejoined
• समाजगाम: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Dropped on the ground by Kumbhakarna of dreadful strength, pressed against the ground surface, Sugriva bounced to the sky to get reunited with Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Rāma
• Kumbhakarṇa (implied as chief 'enemy of the gods')

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is steadfast loyalty to the righteous leader and mission: after danger, Sugrīva prioritizes regrouping with Rāma rather than acting alone.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva is crushed down but rebounds upward and returns to Rāma to continue coordinated battle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Resilience and allegiance to one’s commander and cause.