Shloka 28

चतुश्चत्वारिंशः सर्गः (Sarga 44): निशायुद्धम्, धूलिरुधिरप्रवाहः, इन्द्रजितो मायायुद्धम्

Devanagari script

अङ्गदस्तुरणेशत्रूननिहन्तुंसमुपस्थितः ।।।।रावणिंनिजघानाशुसारथिंचहयानपि ।

Transliteration

aṅgadas tu raṇe śatrūn nihantuṃ samupasthitaḥ | rāvaṇiṃ nijaghānāśu sārathiṃ ca hayān api ||

Translation

Mas Aṅgada, decidido a abater os inimigos na batalha, derrubou rapidamente o cocheiro do filho de Rāvaṇa, e também os cavalos.

Word by Word

• अङ्गदः: Angada
• अङ्गदः: कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्गद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक (but/indeed)

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• शत्रून्: enemies
• शत्रून्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• निहन्तुम्: to kill
• निहन्तुम्: प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य (Purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-हन् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive), क्रियार्थ (purpose)

• समुपस्थितः: stood ready/determined
• समुपस्थितः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उप-स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भावे/कर्तरि प्रयोग (having stood/being present, determined)

• रावणिम्: Rāvaṇa's son (Indrajit)
• रावणिम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावणि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• निजघान: struck down/beat
• निजघान: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-हन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• आशु: quickly
• आशु: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• सारथिम्: charioteer
• सारथिम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• हयान्: horses
• हयान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण/समुच्चयार्थ (also/even)

Context

Angada who was determined to kill the enemies, in no time wounded Ravana's charioteer and also the horses.

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada
• Indrajit
• Charioteer
• Horses

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is framed as decisive action against a powerful aggressor: Aṅgada acts swiftly to neutralize the enemy’s mobility, serving the larger righteous goal of protecting the innocent and restoring order.

What is the narrative situation?

Aṅgada directly targets Indrajit’s chariot system, disabling the charioteer and horses to break Indrajit’s battlefield advantage.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Strategic courage (śaurya with buddhi): not merely attacking the warrior, but dismantling the means of attack.