Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 31, Shloka 6

सुन्‍दरकाण्डे एकत्रिंशः सर्गः

Hanuman’s Sweet Address to Sita and Sita’s Recognition

Devanagari script

तस्य पुत्रः प्रियो ज्येष्ठस्ताराधिपनिभाननः।रामो नाम विशेषज्ञः श्रेष्ठ स्सर्वधनुष्मताम्।।।।

Transliteration

tasya putraḥ priyo jyeṣṭhas tārādhipanibhānanaḥ | rāmo nāma viśeṣajñaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarvadhanuṣmatām ||

Translation

Seu amado filho primogênito chamava-se Rāma, de rosto semelhante à lua; hábil no discernimento e no saber, era o mais eminente entre todos os que empunham o arco.

Word by Word

• rakṣitā: protector
• rakṣitā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √rakṣ (रक्षणे) (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle used adjectivally (भूतकृदन्त; क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); sense: ‘protector’

• svasya: of his own
• svasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); reflexive pronoun

• dharmasya: of dharma
• dharmasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• svajanasya: of his own people
• svajanasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक) + jana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: ‘svasya janaḥ’ (one’s own people/kinsmen)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• rakṣitā: protector
• rakṣitā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √rakṣ (रक्षणे) (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• rakṣitā: protector
• rakṣitā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √rakṣ (रक्षणे) (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• jīvalokasya: of the living world
• jīvalokasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jīva (प्रातिपदिक) + loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: ‘jīvānāṃ lokaḥ’ (world of living beings)

• dharmasya: of dharma
• dharmasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• parantapaḥ: scorcher of enemies
• parantapaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + tapa (प्रातिपदिक; from √tap)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: ‘parān tāpayati’ (scorcher of foes)

Context

"His beloved eldest son Rama, whose countenance is like the full moon, is a scholar of all branches of knowledge and is foremost among the bowmen on earth.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• dhanus (bow)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma for a kṣatriya is perfected when learning and discernment guide martial excellence—power governed by wisdom.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā introduces Rāma as the ideal heir: learned, discerning, and unmatched in archery.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrated excellence: intellectual mastery (viśeṣajñatā) together with supreme martial skill.