Shloka 40

अशोकवनिकाविचारः

Survey of the Aśoka Grove and its Enchanted Landscape

Devanagari script

तां काञ्चनैस्तरुगणैर्मारुतेन च वीजिताम्।किङ्किणीशतनिर्घोषां दृष्ट्वा विस्मयमागमत्।।।।

Transliteration

tāṃ kāñcanais tarugaṇair mārutena ca vījitām |

kiṅkiṇīśatanirghoṣāṃ dṛṣṭvā vismayam āgamat ||

Translation

Ao vê-la abanada pelo vento entre fileiras de árvores douradas, ressoando como o tilintar de cem guizos, Hanumān foi tomado de assombro.

Word by Word

• tām: that (one)
• tām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun (सर्वनाम)

• kāñcanaiḥ: with golden
• kāñcanaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāñcana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying tarugaṇaiḥ

• taru-gaṇaiḥ: by groups of trees
• taru-gaṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: taru (प्रातिपदिक) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); तत्पुरुषः: "tarūṇāṃ gaṇaḥ"

• mārutena: by the wind
• mārutena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māruta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• vījitām: fanned
• vījitām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vījita (कृदन्त, √vīj/√vij्; past passive participle)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); PPP, agreeing with tām

• kiṅkiṇī-śata-nirghoṣām: having the clang of a hundred anklets
• kiṅkiṇī-śata-nirghoṣām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kiṅkiṇī (प्रातिपदिक) + śata (प्रातिपदिक) + nirghoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); समासः: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः/मध्यमपदलोपी: "kiṅkiṇīśatस्य nirghoṣaḥ" (sound of a hundred anklets)

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त, अव्ययभाव), "having seen"

• vismayam: wonder
• vismayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vismaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• āgamat: came upon/experienced
• āgamat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु) with ā-
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

Hanuman was wonder-struck to hear the sound produced by rows of golden trees which stood round the simsupa tree. This sound resembled the tinkling of a hundred anklets when the wind passed through (their leaves).

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• wind (Māruta)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honest receptivity: wonder is natural, but it must remain subordinate to truth-driven duty—admiration without attachment.

What is the narrative situation?

The wind moving through golden trees creates a bell-like sound; Hanumān notices this marvel while navigating the garden spaces of Laṅkā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Saṃyam (composure): he experiences astonishment yet stays oriented toward his righteous mission of finding Sītā.