Shloka 3

Devanagari script

सा त्वमस्माद्बिलाद्घोरादुत्तारयितुमर्हसि।।4.53.3।।तस्मात्सुग्रीववचनादतिक्रान्तान्गतायुषः।

Transliteration

sā tvam asmād bilād ghorād uttārayitum arhasi |

tasmāt sugrīvavacanād atikrāntān gatāyuṣaḥ ||

Translation

Ó senhora, deves tirar-nos desta caverna terrível; pois, por termos transgredido a ordem de Sugrīva, somos como mortos.

Word by Word

• sā: she / you (that lady)
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st), Singular

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: 2nd person pronoun; Nominative, Singular

• asmāt: from this
• asmāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular

• bilāt: from the cave
• bilāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• ghorāt: dreadful
• ghorāt: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular; qualifies bilāt

• uttārayitum: to rescue / to bring out
• uttārayitum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud + tṛ (धातु) + tumun (तुमुन्)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्); purpose of arhasi

• arhasi: should / are able to
• arhasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: arh (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• tasmāt: therefore
• tasmāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablatival adverb (तस्मात्-प्रभृति), causal 'therefore'

• sugrīvavacanāt: from Sugrīva's word (i.e., due to his command)
• sugrīvavacanāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva + vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Ablative (5th), Singular

• atikrāntān: (those who) have overstepped / exceeded
• atikrāntān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ati + kram (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: Past participle (क्त); Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Plural; object implied 'us'

• gatāyuṣaḥ: whose life is gone / doomed
• gatāyuṣaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata + āyus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural; qualifies implied 'asmān'

Context

'Surely the king will torture us by awarding death sentence in a singular manner when we go back. It is better for us to meet death here itself.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Responsibility to one’s entrusted duty and respect for legitimate command; transgression of a just mission is treated as a grave fault with consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

The vānaras, trapped in a terrifying cave, plead for rescue while lamenting that they have exceeded the time/terms of Sugrīva’s command and fear punishment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Accountability (acceptance of fault) and urgency to correct a lapse in duty.