Shloka 22

हनूमता सुग्रीवस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Hanuman’s Counsel on Timely Ally-Duty

Devanagari script

शक्तिमानपिविक्रान्तो वानरर्क्षगणेश्वर।कर्तुं दाशरथेः प्रीतिमाज्ञायां किन्न सज्जसे।।

Transliteration

śaktimān api vikrānto vānararkṣagaṇeśvara |

kartuṃ dāśaratheḥ prītim ājñāyāṃ kiṃ na sajjase ||

Translation

Ó senhor das hostes de macacos e ursos, embora sejas poderoso e valente, por que não preparas tua ordem, para que o filho de Daśaratha fique satisfeito?

Word by Word

• śaktimān: powerful
• śaktimān: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śaktimat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular)

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; sambhāvanā/saṃuccaya-artha particle (particle: also/even)

• vikrāntaḥ: valiant/striding forth
• vikrāntaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vikrānta (प्रातिपदिक; √kram (धातु) + vi-; क्त)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Kta-participle (past passive participle) used adjectivally

• vānararkṣagaṇeśvara: O lord of the monkey-and-bear hosts
• vānararkṣagaṇeśvara: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānarāḥ + ṛkṣāḥ + gaṇa + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative, 8th), Ekavacana; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa sense: 'lord of the troop of monkeys and bears'

• kartum: to do
• kartum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitival purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Tumun-anta (Infinitive, तुमुन्); purpose: 'to do'

• dāśaratheḥ: of Rāma (son of Daśaratha)
• dāśaratheḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāśarathi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Ekavacana

• prītim: pleasure/satisfaction
• prītim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prīti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (Feminine), Dvitīyā (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana

• ājñāyām: in (his) command/order
• ājñāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ājñā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Saptamī (Locative, 7th), Ekavacana; 'in/under (his) command'

• kim: why/what
• kim: Prashna (प्रश्न/Interrogative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुṃsaka (Neuter), Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; interrogative used adverbially

• na: not
• na: Niṣedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; niṣedha (negation particle)

• sajjase: do you get ready/prepare
• sajjase: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √saj (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (Present), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person), Ekavacana; Ātmanepada

Context

'O protector of the monkeys, you are powerful and you are prompt. Why don't you issue orders which will please Rama?

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Sugriva
• Rama
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Power and position are meaningful only when used to fulfill one’s obligations. Leadership dharma requires timely decisions and clear commands for the common mission.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman urges Sugriva to stop delaying and to mobilize the forces by issuing orders to aid Rama.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Decisiveness in leadership—translating strength into responsible action.